Abstract: Objective　To establish an easy-to-operate and safe rat scald model with reproducible scald depth.Methods　A total of 42 healthy SPF-grade SD rats were randomly assigned into seven groups, groups A, B, C, D, E, F and control group. Rats in groups A, B and C were subjected to scald injury using a thermostatic water bath, while rats in groups D, E and F were modeled with a thermostat scald instrument, the control group underwent sham scald treatment. The ideal parameters for model creation were determined based on factors such as scald area, whether the scald depth met expectations, and survival rate of experimental animals. Additionally, serum biochemical changes induced by different scald method were assessed.Results　Rats in groups A and B exhibited second-degree scalds, while those in group C visually reached a preliminary third-degree scald level. However, the scald area did not meet expectations. Rats in groups D and E showed second-degree scald, and those in group F exhibited third degree scald with well-defined scald areas. Histological examination of skin in group F rats met the required standards. Compared with control group, the ALB levels of rats in water bath group and scald instrument group were significantly decreased. Meanwhile, the ALP and AST levels in these two groups were significantly elevated, and ALP level in the water bath group was statistically higher than that in the scald instrument group (P<0.05).Conclusion　The constant temperature and pressure scald device allows for precise control of scald depth and demonstrates excellent performance in controlling the scald area,resulting in less damage to experimental animals.

Key words: rat, model, third-degree scald

摘要： 目的　开发一种深度可重复、操作简便且安全的大鼠烫伤模型。方法　将42只健康SPF级SD大鼠随机分 为7组,分别为A组、B组、C组、D组、E组、F组和对照组,每组6只。A组、B组和C组使用恒温水浴锅制作烫伤 模型;D组、E组和F组使用恒温烫伤仪制作烫伤模型,对照组进行假烫伤处理。从烫伤区域面积、烫伤深度是否符 合预期,实验动物存活率是否理想等方面确定制作模型的理想参数,并检测不同烫伤方法引起的血清生化指标变 化。结果　A组、B组大鼠符合Ⅱ度烫伤,C组大鼠眼观初步达到Ⅲ度烫伤程度,但烫伤区域面积不符合预期;D 组、E组大鼠符合Ⅱ度烫伤、F组大鼠符合Ⅲ度烫伤,烫伤区域规整,且F组大鼠皮肤组织学观察符合要求。与对照 组比较,水浴锅组和烫伤仪组大鼠血清ALB水平显著降低,ALP、AST水平显著升高,且水浴锅组大鼠血清ALP水 平高于烫伤仪组(P<0.05)。结论　恒温烫伤仪能够精准控制烫伤深度,在控制烫伤范围方面也有良好表现,可减 少对实验动物的伤害。

关键词: 大鼠, 模型, Ⅲ度烫伤